Michael J. McPhaden (NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory)

Causes and Consequences of the 2020-2023 La Niña

Michael McPhaden is a Senior Scientist at NOAA’s Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory in Seattle, Washington. His research focuses on large-scale tropical ocean dynamics, ocean-atmosphere interactions, and the ocean’s role in climate. He received a Ph.D. in Physical Oceanography from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 1980. For the past 40 years he has been involved in developing ocean observing systems for climate research and forecasting, most notably the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) moored buoy array in the Pacific for studies of El Niño and the Southern Oscillation. McPhaden is a Past President of the American Geophysical Union (AGU), an organization of over 60,000 Earth and space scientists from 140 countries. He has published over 300 articles in the refereed scientific literature and is one of the most highly cited authors on the topic of El Niño. He is a Nansen Medalist of the European Geosciences Union, a Sverdrup Medalist of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) and a fellow of the Oceanography Society, the AMS and the AGU. For his contributions to assessments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), he shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007 with Al Gore and other IPCC participants.

Zeng-Zhen Hu (NOAA/NCEP Climate Prediction Center)

Recent ENSO Evolution, Forecast, and Coastal El Niño

Dr. Hu has been a meteorologist at the Climate Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/NCEP, U. S. A. since 2009. His work focuses on ENSO and global ocean monitoring, forecast, and research. He received Ph. D. in the Department of Geophysics, Peking University in 1991. During 1991-2000, he worked at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China, as a postdoctoral scientist and then a research associate professor. He was a visiting associate professor at the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, during 1995-1996 and a senior visiting scientist at the Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI), Hamburg, German, during 1998-20000. During 2000-2009, Dr. Hu worked at the Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies (COLA), U. S. A., as a postdoctoral scientist and then a research scientist. Dr. Hu was an associate editor of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) journal “Weather and Forecasting” during 2012-2014.

Rong-Hua Zhang (Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology)

Real-time predictions of the 2023-24 climate condition in the tropical Pacific using a purely data-driven transformer model

Rong-Hua Zhang is a professor at School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. He received his Ph. D. from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1989. Then, he worked respectively at the Meteorological Research Institute/Japan Meteorological Agency (Japan), the National Oceanic Data Center (NODC)/NOAA (USA), the University of Rhode Island (USA), the Columbia University (USA), the University of Maryland (USA), and the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS). His research interests include coupled ocean-atmosphere interactions and numerical modeling, ENSO prediction and predictability, and climate simulations. Currently, he serves as an Associate Editor in Chief for Journal of Oceanology and Limnology (JOL), an Assistant Editor in Chief for Acta Oceanologica Sinica and as an Editor for Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL), respectively.

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